How Do You Get Inverted Phase

Here are the common mistakes that I’m aware of as the cause of phase inversion:

1. Incorrect wiring: How often did you make this mistake of connecting the amplifier positive to the speaker negative and vice versa? It’s easier to make this error than you think!
2. Mixing balanced Europe gear with balanced US gear: XLR gears have 3 pins - positive (+), negative (-) and ground. In Europe the convention is to use XLR system where pin 2 is positive (2 hot) while United States system denote pin 3 as positive (3 hot). Mixing components from both side of the pond will connect the positive (+) from one system to the negative (-) of another. Sure fire way to end up with a system on the inverted phase.
3. Inverted phase Single Ended gear: Singled ended gear basically means unbalanced system (RCA is the usual connector used). In some rare instances I think the negative phase is used as positive. 

The above is not the end of the story, as you can compound the issues by mixing balanced US and Europe together, wire your speakers wrongly and then add an unbalanced pre amplifier with a negative phase.

You may be using a balanced CD player and an unbalanced DAC as your two sources, but you connect them to  a balanced pre from US and a balanced Power+Amplifier:">power amplifier from the EU. 

The combinations is endless, it gets real confusing real quickly!

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